近年来，以大气CO2浓度增加为主要特征的“碳问题”和以淡水资源短缺为主要特征的“水问题”引发了全球陆地生态系统碳水循环研究热潮。确保粮食产量前提下，降低农田灌溉量和减少土壤碳排放量，既是未来农业发展的应时需要也是必然要求。
近期，英国威廉希尔公司李全起教授研究团队，在冬小麦夏玉米一年两熟农田碳水利用效率方面取得系列研究成果，系统构建了更加高效清洁的生产模式并深入解析其节水、稳产和碳减排调控机制。李全起教授团队立足于“耕层合理构建-土壤水分调控-栽培模式创新-绿色低碳高效”等关键点，在冬小麦夏玉米一年两熟农田中，揭示了免耕/深松耕作结合灌溉条件下土壤固碳速率-水碳运移消耗规律（Figure 1）和不同深松深度冬小麦/夏玉米光合特性-叶片水分利用效率-增产机理（Figure 2）。该系列研究明确了冬小麦和夏玉米“生长发育-光合特性-产量形成-水分利用效率”过程路径反馈机制，提出了相对更优的冬小麦夏玉米一年两熟农田增产-节水-减排调控模式。
Figure 1. Total soil carbon emission of different treatments during 2019-2021 winter wheat growth period. R represents rotary tillage at 15 cm, S represents subsoiling 35 cm depths, respectively. I0 represents no irrigation during growth period, I1 represents 60mm irrigation at jointing stage, and I2 represents 60mm irrigation at jointing and heading stages, respectively. Vertical bars are standard errors. Different letters mean significant at the 5% level.
Figure 2. Effects of subsoiling on the leaf water use efficiency of summer maize at different growth stages. RT15 represent rotary tillage at 15 cm, SS40 represent subsoiling 40 cm depths, SS35 represent subsoiling 35 cm depths, respectively. Vertical bars are standard errors.
上述研究结果分别发表在Agricultural Water Management (中科院一区，IF= 4.516)和Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science (中科院三区，IF = 3.092)等国际学术期刊上。3篇论文的第一作者均为我院硕士研究生焦凤丽，李全起教授为论文通讯作者。本研究得到国家自然科学基金、山东省自然科学基金、山东省重点研发计划和山东农业大学“双一流”奖补资金等课题资助。
相关论文信息：
1. Fengli Jiao, Shengzhe Hong, Jichao Cui, Qingfen Zhang, Ming Li, Ruilin Shi, Huifang Han, Quanqi Li*. Subsoiling combined with irrigation improves carbon emission and crop water productivity of winter wheat in North China Plain. Agricultural Water Management, 2022, 269: 107685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2022.107685.
2. Fengli Jiao, Shengzhe Hong, Qingfen Zhang, Ming Li, Ruilin Shi, Yuzhao Ma, Quanqi Li*. Subsoiling before winter wheat cultivation increases photosynthetic characteristics and leaf water-use efficiency of summer maize in a double-cropping system. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2022.2037126
3. Fengli Jiao, Shengzhe Hong, Changyuan Liu, Yuzhao Ma, Mingming Zhang and Quanqi Li*. Wide-precision planting pattern under different tillage methods affects photosynthesis and yield of winter wheat. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2021.1892652.
